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Murad III (4 July 1546 – 15/16 January 1595) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1574 until his death in 1595. He was also known as Amurath III and was the twelfth sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
Taqi al-Din Muhammad ibn Ma'ruf al-Shami al-Asadi (Arabic: تقي الدين محمد بن معروف الشامي, Modern Turkish: Takiyuddin) (1526–1585) was an Ottoman Turkish Muslim polymath. He was the author of more than 90 books on a wide variety of subjects, including astronomy, clocks, engineering, mathematics, mechanics, optics and natural philosophy.<br/><br/> Taqi al-Din's method of finding coordinates of stars was reportedly more precise from his contemporary Tycho Brahe and Nicolas Copernicus. Brahe is thought to be aware of Taqi al-Din's work.
Representations of the Prophet Muhammad are controversial, and generally forbidden in Sunni Islam (especially Hanafiyya, Wahabi, Salafiyya). Shia Islam and some other branches of Sunni Islam (Hanbali, Maliki, Shafi'i) are generally more tolerant of such representational images, but even so the Prophet's features are generally veiled or concealed by flames as a mark of deep respect.